// Created on: 2013-01-28
// Created by: Kirill GAVRILOV
// Copyright (c) 2013-2014 OPEN CASCADE SAS
//
// This file is part of Open CASCADE Technology software library.
//
// This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
// the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License version 2.1 as published
// by the Free Software Foundation, with special exception defined in the file
// OCCT_LGPL_EXCEPTION.txt. Consult the file LICENSE_LGPL_21.txt included in OCCT
// distribution for complete text of the license and disclaimer of any warranty.
//
// Alternatively, this file may be used under the terms of Open CASCADE
// commercial license or contractual agreement.

#ifndef NCollection_UtfString_HeaderFile
#define NCollection_UtfString_HeaderFile

#include "NCollection_UtfIterator.hxx"

#include <cstring>
#include <cstdlib>

//! This template class represent constant UTF-* string.
//! String stored in memory continuously, always NULL-terminated
//! and can be used as standard C-string using ToCString() method.
//!
//! Notice that changing the string is not allowed
//! and any modifications should produce new string.
//!
//! In comments to this class, terms "Unicode symbol" is used as
//! synonym of "Unicode code point".
template <typename Type>
class NCollection_UtfString
{

public:
  NCollection_UtfIterator<Type> Iterator() const { return NCollection_UtfIterator<Type>(myString); }

  //! @return the size of the buffer in bytes, excluding NULL-termination symbol
  int Size() const noexcept { return mySize; }

  //! @return the length of the string in Unicode symbols
  int Length() const noexcept { return myLength; }

  //! Retrieve Unicode symbol at specified position.
  //! Warning! This is a slow access. Iterator should be used for consecutive parsing.
  //! @param theCharIndex the index of the symbol, should be lesser than Length()
  //! @return the Unicode symbol value
  char32_t GetChar(const int theCharIndex) const;

  //! Retrieve string buffer at specified position.
  //! Warning! This is a slow access. Iterator should be used for consecutive parsing.
  //! @param theCharIndex the index of the symbol, should be less than Length()
  //!        (first symbol of the string has index 0)
  //! @return the pointer to the symbol
  const Type* GetCharBuffer(const int theCharIndex) const;

  //! Retrieve Unicode symbol at specified position.
  //! Warning! This is a slow access. Iterator should be used for consecutive parsing.
  char32_t operator[](const int theCharIndex) const { return GetChar(theCharIndex); }

  //! Initialize empty string.
  NCollection_UtfString();

  //! Copy constructor.
  //! @param theCopy string to copy.
  NCollection_UtfString(const NCollection_UtfString& theCopy);

  //! Move constructor
  NCollection_UtfString(NCollection_UtfString&& theOther) noexcept;

  //! Copy constructor from UTF-8 string.
  //! @param theCopyUtf8 UTF-8 string to copy
  //! @param theLength   optional length limit in Unicode symbols (NOT bytes!)
  //! The string is copied till NULL symbol or, if theLength >0,
  //! till either NULL or theLength-th symbol (which comes first).
  NCollection_UtfString(const char* theCopyUtf8, const int theLength = -1);

  //! Copy constructor from UTF-16 string.
  //! @param theCopyUtf16 UTF-16 string to copy
  //! @param theLength    the length limit in Unicode symbols (NOT bytes!)
  //! The string is copied till NULL symbol or, if theLength >0,
  //! till either NULL or theLength-th symbol (which comes first).
  NCollection_UtfString(const char16_t* theCopyUtf16, const int theLength = -1);

  //! Copy constructor from UTF-32 string.
  //! @param theCopyUtf32 UTF-32 string to copy
  //! @param theLength    the length limit in Unicode symbols (NOT bytes!)
  //! The string is copied till NULL symbol or, if theLength >0,
  //! till either NULL or theLength-th symbol (which comes first).
  NCollection_UtfString(const char32_t* theCopyUtf32, const int theLength = -1);

#if !defined(_MSC_VER) || defined(_NATIVE_WCHAR_T_DEFINED)                                         \
  || (defined(_MSC_VER) && _MSC_VER >= 1900)
  //! Copy constructor from wide UTF string.
  //! @param theCopyUtfWide wide UTF string to copy
  //! @param theLength      the length limit in Unicode symbols (NOT bytes!)
  //! The string is copied till NULL symbol or, if theLength >0,
  //! till either NULL or theLength-th symbol (which comes first).
  //!
  //! This constructor is undefined if wchar_t is the same type as char16_t.
  NCollection_UtfString(const wchar_t* theCopyUtfWide, const int theLength = -1);
#endif

  //! Copy from Unicode string in UTF-8, UTF-16, or UTF-32 encoding,
  //! determined by size of TypeFrom character type.
  //! @param theStringUtf Unicode string
  //! @param theLength    the length limit in Unicode symbols
  //! The string is copied till NULL symbol or, if theLength >0,
  //! till either NULL or theLength-th symbol (which comes first).
  template <typename TypeFrom>
  inline void FromUnicode(const TypeFrom* theStringUtf, const int theLength = -1)
  {
    NCollection_UtfIterator<TypeFrom> anIterRead(theStringUtf);
    if (*anIterRead == 0)
    {
      // special case
      Clear();
      return;
    }
    fromUnicodeImpl(theStringUtf, theLength, anIterRead);
  }

  //! Copy from multibyte string in current system locale.
  //! @param theString multibyte string
  //! @param theLength the length limit in Unicode symbols
  //! The string is copied till NULL symbol or, if theLength >0,
  //! till either NULL or theLength-th symbol (which comes first).
  void FromLocale(const char* theString, const int theLength = -1);

  //! Destructor.
  ~NCollection_UtfString();

  //! Compares this string with another one.
  bool IsEqual(const NCollection_UtfString& theCompare) const noexcept;

  //! Returns the substring.
  //! @param theStart start index (inclusive) of subString
  //! @param theEnd   end index   (exclusive) of subString
  //! @return the substring
  NCollection_UtfString SubString(const int theStart, const int theEnd) const;

  //! Returns NULL-terminated Unicode string.
  //! Should not be modified or deleted!
  //! @return (const Type* ) pointer to string
  const Type* ToCString() const noexcept { return myString; }

  //! @return copy in UTF-8 format
  const NCollection_UtfString<char> ToUtf8() const;

  //! @return copy in UTF-16 format
  const NCollection_UtfString<char16_t> ToUtf16() const;

  //! @return copy in UTF-32 format
  const NCollection_UtfString<char32_t> ToUtf32() const;

  //! @return copy in wide format (UTF-16 on Windows and UTF-32 on Linux)
  const NCollection_UtfString<wchar_t> ToUtfWide() const;

  //! Converts the string into string in the current system locale.
  //! @param theBuffer    output buffer
  //! @param theSizeBytes buffer size in bytes
  //! @return true on success
  bool ToLocale(char* theBuffer, const int theSizeBytes) const;

  //! @return true if string is empty
  bool IsEmpty() const noexcept { return myString[0] == Type(0); }

  //! Zero string.
  void Clear();

public: //! @name assign operators
  //! Copy from another string.
  const NCollection_UtfString& Assign(const NCollection_UtfString& theOther);

  //! Exchange the data of two strings (without reallocating memory).
  void Swap(NCollection_UtfString& theOther) noexcept;

  //! Copy from another string.
  const NCollection_UtfString& operator=(const NCollection_UtfString& theOther)
  {
    return Assign(theOther);
  }

  //! Move assignment operator.
  NCollection_UtfString& operator=(NCollection_UtfString&& theOther)
  {
    Swap(theOther);
    return *this;
  }

  //! Copy from UTF-8 NULL-terminated string.
  const NCollection_UtfString& operator=(const char* theStringUtf8);

  //! Copy from wchar_t UTF NULL-terminated string.
  const NCollection_UtfString& operator=(const wchar_t* theStringUtfWide);

  //! Join strings.
  NCollection_UtfString& operator+=(const NCollection_UtfString& theAppend);

  //! Join two strings.
  friend NCollection_UtfString operator+(const NCollection_UtfString& theLeft,
                                         const NCollection_UtfString& theRight)
  {
    NCollection_UtfString aSumm;
    strFree(aSumm.myString);
    aSumm.mySize   = theLeft.mySize + theRight.mySize;
    aSumm.myLength = theLeft.myLength + theRight.myLength;
    aSumm.myString = strAlloc(aSumm.mySize);

    // copy bytes
    strCopy((uint8_t*)aSumm.myString, (const uint8_t*)theLeft.myString, theLeft.mySize);
    strCopy((uint8_t*)aSumm.myString + theLeft.mySize,
            (const uint8_t*)theRight.myString,
            theRight.mySize);
    return aSumm;
  }

public: //! @name compare operators
  bool operator==(const NCollection_UtfString& theCompare) const noexcept
  {
    return IsEqual(theCompare);
  }

  bool operator!=(const NCollection_UtfString& theCompare) const noexcept;

private: //! @name low-level methods
  //! Implementation of copy routine for string of the same type
  void fromUnicodeImpl(const Type*                    theStringUtf,
                       const int                      theLength,
                       NCollection_UtfIterator<Type>& theIterator)
  {
    Type* anOldBuffer = myString; // necessary in case of self-copying

    // advance to the end
    const int aLengthMax = (theLength > 0) ? theLength : IntegerLast();
    for (; *theIterator != 0 && theIterator.Index() < aLengthMax; ++theIterator)
    {
    }

    mySize   = int((uint8_t*)theIterator.BufferHere() - (uint8_t*)theStringUtf);
    myLength = theIterator.Index();
    myString = strAlloc(mySize);
    strCopy((uint8_t*)myString, (const uint8_t*)theStringUtf, mySize);

    strFree(anOldBuffer);
  }

  //! Implementation of copy routine for string of other types
  template <typename TypeFrom>
  void fromUnicodeImpl(
    typename opencascade::std::enable_if<!opencascade::std::is_same<Type, TypeFrom>::value,
                                         const TypeFrom*>::type theStringUtf,
    const int                                                   theLength,
    NCollection_UtfIterator<TypeFrom>&                          theIterator)
  {
    Type* anOldBuffer = myString; // necessary in case of self-copying

    mySize               = 0;
    const int aLengthMax = (theLength > 0) ? theLength : IntegerLast();
    for (; *theIterator != 0 && theIterator.Index() < aLengthMax; ++theIterator)
    {
      mySize += theIterator.template AdvanceBytesUtf<Type>();
    }
    myLength = theIterator.Index();

    myString = strAlloc(mySize);

    // copy string
    theIterator.Init(theStringUtf);
    Type* anIterWrite = myString;
    for (; *theIterator != 0 && theIterator.Index() < myLength; ++theIterator)
    {
      anIterWrite = theIterator.GetUtf(anIterWrite);
    }

    strFree(anOldBuffer);
  }

  //! Allocate NULL-terminated string buffer.
  static Type* strAlloc(const size_t theSizeBytes)
  {
    Type* aPtr = (Type*)Standard::Allocate(theSizeBytes + sizeof(Type));
    if (aPtr != nullptr)
    {
      // always NULL-terminate the string
      aPtr[theSizeBytes / sizeof(Type)] = Type(0);
    }
    return aPtr;
  }

  //! Release string buffer and nullify the pointer.
  static void strFree(Type*& thePtr) { Standard::Free(thePtr); }

  //! Provides bytes interface to avoid incorrect pointer arithmetics.
  static void strCopy(uint8_t* theStrDst, const uint8_t* theStrSrc, const int theSizeBytes) noexcept
  {
    std::memcpy(theStrDst, theStrSrc, (size_t)theSizeBytes);
  }

  //! Compare two Unicode strings per-byte.
  static bool strAreEqual(const Type* theString1,
                          const int   theSizeBytes1,
                          const Type* theString2,
                          const int   theSizeBytes2) noexcept
  {
    return (theSizeBytes1 == theSizeBytes2)
           && (std::memcmp(theString1, theString2, (size_t)theSizeBytes1) == 0);
  }

private:          //! @name private fields
  Type* myString; //!< string buffer
  int   mySize;   //!< buffer size in bytes, excluding NULL-termination symbol
  // clang-format off
  int myLength; //!< length of the string in Unicode symbols (cached value, excluding NULL-termination symbol)
  // clang-format on
};

// template implementation (inline methods)
#include "NCollection_UtfString.lxx"

#endif // _NCollection_UtfString_H__